Karbi Anglong / West Karbi Anglong, Assam | December 2025
Violence erupted in Assam’s Karbi Anglong and West Karbi Anglong districts following protests linked to a long-standing land dispute, resulting in two deaths, injuries to dozens of people, and the deployment of additional security forces. Authorities say the situation is currently under control, though tensions remain high in sensitive areas.
What Triggered the Unrest
The unrest began over demands by local tribal organisations for the eviction of alleged encroachments from Village Grazing Reserves (VGR) and Professional Grazing Reserves (PGR)—lands protected under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution to safeguard tribal ownership and use.
Protests, including a hunger strike near the Kheroni–Phelangpi area, had been ongoing for several days. Tensions escalated when demonstrators clashed with police during attempts to disperse gatherings, leading to stone-pelting, arson, and retaliatory action.
Casualties and Damage
At least two people were killed during the violence. Among the deceased was a specially-abled man, who reportedly died after being trapped inside a building that was set on fire. Another individual from the indigenous Karbi community lost his life during clashes.
Around 45 people were injured, including a large number of police personnel. Several shops, vehicles, and public properties were damaged, and incidents of arson were reported in parts of West Karbi Anglong.
Security Measures
In response, the Assam government deployed additional police forces, Rapid Action Force units, and Army personnel. Flag marches were conducted in sensitive areas to restore confidence among residents.
Authorities imposed prohibitory orders under Section 163, restricted public gatherings, and suspended internet services in parts of the two districts to prevent the spread of misinformation and further escalation.
Officials have stated that no fresh incidents of violence were reported after the enhanced security deployment.
Public Response
The death of the specially-abled man triggered protests in nearby areas, including the Hojai–Karbi Anglong border, with demonstrators demanding accountability and justice. Civil society groups and student organisations have also raised concerns over land rights and the handling of the situation by authorities.
Government Stand
Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma appealed for calm and said the government is monitoring the situation closely. Officials reiterated that land disputes in tribal areas would be addressed through legal and administrative processes, and not through violence.
Background
Karbi Anglong is a Sixth Schedule area with an autonomous council, established to protect the land, culture, and governance rights of indigenous communities. Disputes over land use, encroachment, and administrative authority have periodically led to tensions in the region.
Current Situation
Security remains tight in Karbi Anglong and West Karbi Anglong. Authorities say peace talks with community representatives are being planned, while investigations into the deaths and property damage are ongoing.
Tension in Assam’s Karbi Anglong After Land Dispute Turns Violent
